黑龙江省甜菜优化施肥技术研究

Study on the technology of optimized fertilization of sugarbeet in Heilongjiang province

在黑龙江省黑土和白浆土甜菜主产区，采用3×3优化施肥设计开展甜菜优化施肥研究。试验结果表明，黑龙江省甜菜高产施肥氮和钾的适宜用量为90-135kg／hm^2，磷的适宜用量为80-120kg／hm。，氮磷钾的适宜比例为N：P_2O_5：K_2O=1．1l：1：1．12。不施氮肥平均减产33．8％，不施磷肥平均减产21．1％，不施钾肥平均减产21．6％。从产量和含糖率综合考虑，最佳处理为N：P_2K_2即N90kg／hm^2、P：080kg／hm^2、K，090kg／hm^2，较对照平均增产31．9％，含糖率平均增加1．08个百分点。建立了三种不同土壤的甜菜高产施肥模型。

The 3 × 3 optimized fertilization design was adopted on the study of Sugarbeet fertilization in the main Sugarbeet production of Heilongjiang province. The results showed that the optimum rate of nitrogen and potassium for high yield sugarbeet was 90 - 135 kg/hm^2, for phosphorus was 80 - 120 kg/hm^2 ; the optimum ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was N ： P_ O_5 ： K_2O = 1.11 ： 1 ： 1.12. Without nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium application, the yield decreased by 33.8%, 21.1% and 21.6% , respectively. On the synthesized consideration of both yield and sugar content, the best treatment was N_2P_2K_2, that is N 90 kg/hm^2, P_2O_5 80 kg/hm^2 K_2O 90 kg/hm^2 ; compared to CK, the yield increased by 31.9% , sugar content increased by 1.08 percentage. The study has established three types fertilization models of high yield sugarbeet in three kinds soils.