495例面部皮炎的斑贴试验分析及临床意义

The analysis and clinical significance of patch test on 495 cases of Facial Dermatitis patients

目的:研究面部皮炎患者斑贴试验的结果及临床意义。方法:对本科门诊确诊的495例面部皮炎患者进行斑贴试验,并对结果作统计学处理。结果:斑贴试验总阳性率89.49%,其中老年组患者阳性率明显低于青年组和中年组,性别差别无统计学意义。阳性率居前5位的变应原依次为:重铬酸钾、硫酸镍、芳香混合物、甲醛和卡巴混合物,其中卡巴混合物的阳性率男性明显高于女性,硫酸镍阳性率女性明显高于男性。58.47%的病例同时存在3种及以上的阳性变应原。结论:重铬酸钾、硫酸镍、芳香混合物、甲醛和卡巴混合物是本地区面部皮炎的常见变应原,男女患者对卡巴混合物和硫酸镍的反应存在差异,斑贴试验对面部皮炎寻找致敏原及防治具有重要的参考价值。

Objective： To study the results of the patch test on Facial Dermatitis patients and clinical significance of the test results.Methods： Patch test was done on the 495 confirmed Facial Dermatitis patients and the test results were analyzed with statistics.Results： The total positive rate of patch test was 89.49%,which showed the difference had no statistical significance between genders.Compared to young group and midaged group,older group has lower positive ratio.The five allergens,which showed the highest rate of positive result,in order were Potassium dichromate,nickel sulfate,Fragrancemix,Formaldehyde and Carbamix,and among which,the positive rate of Carbamix in male was obviously higher than that in female and the positive rate of Nickel sulfate in female was much higher than that in male.In 58.47% of these cases,the patients had three or more positive allergens.Conclusion： Potassium dichromate,Nickel sulfate,Fragrancemix,Formaldehyde and Carbamix were common allergens of Facial Dermatitis in this region;the reactions to Carbamix and Nickel sulfate in male and female were different;the patch test on confirming the allergens and indicating the protection of Facial Dermatitis was important.