不同营区生境鼠类群落结构及防治对策

Characteristics of community structure and control strategy of rodents in different environment of diverse military camp

目的调查分析不同类型营区和不同生境鼠类种群和侵害特点,制定科学的鼠类防治措施。方法针对鼠害特点,采取综合性防治措施,并利用夹夜法和粉迹法检测鼠害和灭鼠效果。结果 6个部队营区鼠密度水平为粉迹法5.98%和夹夜法2.71%;捕获鼠形动物78只,鉴定为2科4属6种,室内外鼠类群落构成以褐家鼠(47.4%)为优势种;室内以食堂、伙房鼠密度(8.83%)最高,室外飞行区鼠密度明显较宿舍和办公室四周为高;通过综合性鼠类防治措施,粉迹法和夹夜法考核灭效分别下降88.3%和93.4%。结论不同营区和营区不同生境鼠害存在明显差异,每年开展2次大面积灭鼠对防治鼠源性疾病十分必要。

Objective To investigate and analyse characteristics of community structure and endangerment of rodents in different environment of diverse camp and establish scientific control strategy.Methods Taking synthesis measure according to characteristics of rodents.Checking harm and killing effect to rodents by powder trace and night trap method.Results The level of rodent density was 5.98% by powder trace method and 2.71% by night trap method in 6 diverse camp of military.78 rodents were captured.The community of the rodents in 6 camps was composed of 6 populations.The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus（47.4%） in camp.The level of rodent density（8.83%）in refectory and kitchen was the highest.The level of rodent density in flying area was much higher than area around the dormitory and office.The rate of killing rodent was declined by 88.3% by powder trace method and 93.4% by night trap method.Conclusion There are more difference of rodent＇s harm in diverse camp or in vary location of the same camp.It is quite necessary to take killing measure in whole camp 2 times every year for preventing diseases which are spreaded by rodents.