唐山大地震所致孤儿心理创伤后应激障碍的调查

Posttraumatic stress disorder in orphans caused by Tangshan earthquake

目的 调查唐山大地震所致孤儿的心理创伤后应激障碍的发生情况。方法 应用中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第 2版修订本中的急性应激反应 (ASR)和心理创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)诊断标准 ,于 1998年 3月对 5 7例地震所致孤儿进行诊断 ,按有无PTSD分为患者组和正常组 ,采用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、症状自评量表 (SCL 90 )、明尼苏达多相个性测查表 (MMPI)等进行测评和比较。结果 5 7例中有 2 7例 (47% )符合ASR诊断标准 ,13例 (2 3% )符合PTSD诊断标准。与正常组比较 ,患者组SAS的总粗分和标准总分高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,对支持的利用度分低 (P <0 0 1) ,SCL 90总分、躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑因子分高 (P均 <0 0 5 ) ,MMPI效度量表K值低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,临床量表妄想量表分和社会内向分高 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。结论 大地震所致孤儿是发生PTSD的高危个体。

Objective The goal of this study was to investigate the morbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder in orphans caused by Tangshan earthquake Methods Fifty seven orphans were surveyed using the criteria of Acute Stress Reaction (ASR) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Mental Disorders, the Second Revised Edition The Self rating Anxiety Scale, Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL 90), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory were assessed between the orphans with PTSD and ones non PTSD Results 27(47%) cases were diagnosed as ASR and 13(23%) cases were diagnosed as PTSD among 57 orphans Conclusion The orphans caused by Tangshan earthquake may be in the high risk to developed to PTSD