上皮间质转化与肿瘤干细胞在化疗耐药中作用的研究进展

Research Progress on Effects of Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell on Chemotherapy Resistance

肿瘤的复发、转移以及获得性耐药的高度关联是导致90%以上肿瘤患者治疗失败的最主要原因。化疗是治疗恶性肿瘤最有效且应用广泛的治疗手段,但化疗耐药性的产生是影响肿瘤的临床疗效的主要障碍。肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSCs)是肿瘤的起源,与肿瘤的复发、侵袭和转移密切相关,而且具有多药耐药(对目前绝大多数化疗药物不敏感),抵抗放化疗和长期静寂的特点,是导致获得性耐药的重要原因。上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)是上皮细胞向间充质细胞分化的过程,可使肿瘤细胞具有干细胞的特征,从而促进CSCs的产生,在肿瘤的侵袭转移发挥着重要的作用。本文旨在综述CSCs和EMT在化疗耐药发生中的作用的研究进展,以期为肿瘤的临床治疗提供指导。

The tumor recrudescence,metastasis,and acquired drug-resistance were the main reasons of more than 90% treatment failure in patients with tumors.Chemotherapy was the most effective and widely applied therapeutic tool to malignant tumor,but the generation of chemotherapy tolerance was the main barrier that seriously affected the therapeutic effect of various tumors.Cancer stem cells（CSCs）,the source of tumors,were important causes for acquired drug-resistance,as they were closely correlated to the tumor recrudescence,invasion and metastasis and possessed the character of multidrug resistance（insensitive to most chemotherapeutics）,radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance as well as long-term hush.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）,which was a differentiation process of epithelial cells into mesenchymals,could render the tumor cells possess the character of stem cells,so that it could promote the generation of CSCs and play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of tumors.This article was aimed to review the research progress on the effects of EMT and CSCs on chemotherapy resistance in order to provided instructions for the clinical treatment of tumors.