家居环境改造对脊髓损伤患者日常生活能力及并发症的影响

Effect of home modification on activities of daily living and complications among patients with spinal cord injury

目的探讨家居环境改造对脊髓损伤患者日常生活能力(ADL)及并发症的影响。方法将54例脊髓损伤患者分为观察组(28例)和对照组(26例)。对照组出院后按常规定期进行康复指导及康复训练;观察组在此基础上,与装修公司技术人员合作指导患者进行家居环境改造。结果观察组出院3个月、6个月ADL评分高于对照组,两组比较,干预主效应P<0.05;出院6个月两组肌肉萎缩的发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对脊髓损伤患者进行预见性家庭环境改造,能最大限度地利用其残存功能,提高日常生活能力,减少并发症的发生。

Objective To investigate the effects of home modification on activities of daily living（ADL） and complications in patients with spinal cord injury.Methods Totally,54 patients with spinal cord injury were randomly divided into an observation group of 28 cases and a control group of 26 cases.Both groups were subjected to regular rehabilitation guidance and rehabilitation training after discharge.In addition,patients in the observation group received home modification service provided by the technical staff working in a home decoration company.Results The ADL scores in the observation group were higher than thoes in the control group at 3 months and 6 months of discharge.There was significant difference in group effect of the intervention between the two groups（P0.05）.At 6 months,the incidence of muscle atrophy between the two groups had significant difference（P0.01）.Conclusion Home modification for spinal cord injury patients allows maximal use of their remaining functions,improves their activities of daily living and reduces complications.