马克思《博士论文》中的伊壁鸠鲁哲学

On Epicurus' Philosophy in Marx's Ph.D. Treatise

在《博士论文》(指马克思在1839—1841年初撰写的博士论文—《德谟克利特的自然哲学与伊壁鸠鲁自然哲学的差别》)中,对德谟克利特必然性的批判和对伊壁鸠鲁偶然性赞誉过后,马克思通过实在的可能性和抽象的可能性的理解,颂扬了"人的自我意识具有最高的神性"。这样,马克思"解决了一个在希腊哲学史上至今尚未解决的问题",即揭示出伊壁鸠鲁哲学的本质。

In his Ph.D. treatise, after criticized certainty and spoken highly of contingency, Marx has understood concrete possibility and abstract possibility and has taken human self-consciousness as the highest divinity. So, Marx has solved in it a heretofore unsolved problem in the history of Greek philosophy that is the nature of Epicures＇ philosophy.