吸附材料处理含Zn^(2+)重金属废水的影响因素

Influence factors of adsorbent material dealing with Zn^(2+)

考察了废水初始pH值、不同阳离子、阴离子、有机物、共存重金属离子、极端条件等因素对吸附Zn2+的影响.结果表明,8 h后吸附接近饱和,废水初始pH=6时处理效果最好,Zn2+吸附容量为3.98 mg/g,去除率为79.6%;Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+均会抑制Zn2+的吸附,影响顺序从小到大为Na+<K+<Mg2+<Ca2+;Cl-、SO24-对吸附Zn2+抑制作用很小,且Cl-的抑制作用小于SO42-;COD对吸附Zn2+有促进作用;Pb2+、Cu2+共存时,对Zn2+的吸附有抑制作用,影响顺序为Pb2+单元体系<Cu2+单元体系<Pb2+、Cu2+二元体系;高盐和强酸对Zn2+的吸附有较大影响,但高温基本无影响.饱和吸附材料的后处理试验表明,在550℃马弗炉中热处理6.5 h,烧失率为75.4%,烧渣中Zn2+含量为1.75%,与热处理前相比,富集倍数为4.1倍.本文研究成果为吸附法处理含锌重金属废水并回收废水中的重金属提供了重要依据.

Taking a new adsorbent material as the object of study,some influence factors for adsorption of Zn2＋ are discussed.Results indicate that the adsorption process approaches to saturation after 8 h.The processing effect is best at pH value of 6.The maximum loading capacity of Zn2＋ is 3.98 mg/g and the elimination ratio of Zn2＋ reaches 79.6%.The ions Na＋,K＋,Mg2＋ and Ca2＋ have negative impact on the adsorption of Zn2＋.The influence order of cations is Na＋K＋Mg2＋Ca2＋.The influence of anions is small and the influence order is Cl-SO2＋4.COD has positive impact on the adsorption.The existence of Cu2＋ and Pb2＋ has inhibitory effect on the adsorption.The influence order of heavy mental ions on the adsorption of Zn2＋ is Pb2＋ single systemCu2＋ single systemPb2＋,Cu2＋ dual system.The strong acid and high salt environment can extremely affect the adsorption of Zn2＋,but high temperature has little impact on the adsorption of Zn2＋.In the post-processing experiment,the loss ratio of material weight is 75.4% after 6.5 h heat treatment in the muffle furnace at the temperature of 550 ℃.The Zn2＋ content in the cinder is 1.75% which is 4.1 times higher than that before heat treatment.Results of the present paper provide an important basis for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater including Zn2＋ by adsorption method and the recovery of heavy metal.