基于“3S”技术的县级土地资源动态监测技术系统

A Dynamic Monitor System for Land Use Change at a County Level Based on the Technology of Remote Sensing,Geographical Information System and Global Positioning System

土地资源日新月异的变化使得传统的土地资源管理手段无法满足土地资源信息及时更新的要求。探讨了利用遥感、地理信息系统和全球定位系统为代表的“3S”技术进行县级土地资源动态监测和更新的原理和方法。遥感是进行土地利用变化动态监测 ,发现土地利用变化区域的主要手段。全球定位系统接收仪用于对变化区域进行现场精确定位和实测。实测的变更数据可用于对原有的地理信息系统本底数据库进行修改 ,从而完成对土地资源的动态监测和数据库的及时更新。福清市土地资源动态监测技术系统就是利用“3S”技术建立起来的业务运行系统。系统所具备的功能可以满足县级土地资源的动态监测和及时更新。

The rapid land use changes result in the difficulties in timely updating the information of land resources using traditional methods. In order to resolve the difficulties, this paper discusses the principles and methods for dynamic monitoring land use changes and timely updating the database of land resources using the technology of remote sensing (RS), geographical information system (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS), which are also called ‘3S’ technology. Remote sensing is used for change detection of land use, GPS for locating the detected change areas with accurate position data, and GIS for establishing the spatial database of land use and for further analysing and updating the data. A real computer system for the above purpose is established for Fuqing County of Fujian province, China, based on the ‘3S’ technology. The system possesses the functions of dynamic monitoring land use changes and timely updating the data of land use as well as the functions of a general database manage system.