基层和公共卫生人员工作努力程度影响因素分析

An analysis on motivational factors for primary care providers in China

目的:分析基层和公共卫生人员提高工作努力程度的影响因素,为建立适宜的激励机制提供依据。方法:定量问卷调查收集数据,根据需要层次理论合并初始变量并进行比较分析。结果:90%以上的基层和公共卫生人员在工作努力影响因素得到改善后,愿意在工作中付出更大的努力。影响因素排序由高到低为:物质环境、求知与自我发展、荣誉与认可、单位人际环境。各因素对不同属性人员影响程度存在差异。结论:绝大多数基层和公共卫生人员的工作努力程度具有提高空间,关键在于相关因素能否得到改善。总体上,物质因素是他们最关切的方面,起支配性作用。非经济因素如培训和职业发展的作用同样很重要。而同一因素对不同个人属性人员的促进作用存在差异,适宜的激励机制设计应具有针对性。

Objective：The study was conducted to identify the factors of job performance for primary care providers in China.Evidence and suggestion aiming to set up appropriate motivational mechanism were proposed.Method：Based on data collected from quantitative questionnaires,comparative analysis was carried out after combining initial factors according to Maslow＇s hierarchy of needs.Results：Above 90% primary care providers tend to work harder if the job-related factors are improved.Overall,four components ranked from highest to lowest are the physical environment,learning and development,honors and recognition,environment of human relationship.Discrepancy of factors＇ effect was found between specific demographic and professional subgroups.Conclusions：For most primary care providers,there are rooms to improve their performance,the point is that whether the job-related factors could be enhanced or not.In general,the improvement of income,well-being,living and working standard is particularly important and should be the target for motivation.Non-monetary factors such as training and development also play an important part.Furthermore,individual differences should be concerned in making a motivation mechanism.