基于ALOS数据的乌鲁木齐市绿地景观格局研究

Study on Spatial Structure of Urban Greenbelt Landscapes in Urumqi City Based on ALOS Satellite Image

以乌鲁木齐市2009年的ALOS卫星影像为研究数据,在地理信息系统(GIS)及遥感(RS)技术的支持下,提取绿地信息,建立乌鲁木齐市区绿地景观的空间数据库,应用景观生态学的理论和研究方法,选取景观分维数、破碎度、分离度等景观指数来定量分析乌鲁木齐市区的绿地景观格局。结果表明,整个研究区内的绿地类型以公园绿地和单位附属绿地为主,市区绿地景观多样性较低,各类型绿地景观所占比例不均匀,公共绿地数量少,趋于团聚分布,形成许多绿化服务盲区;各类型绿地景观分维数较高,形状较不规则;单位附属绿地和居住绿地的破碎度较高,因为它们受人类的影响较大、形状相对多样、不规则。

In the paper, the ALOS image in 2009 of Urumqi City is selected as the source data, under the support of RS and GIS technologies, extract greenbelt information and establish a spatial database of Urumqi urban greenbelt. According to the theory of landscape ecology and research methods, the greenbelt landscape pattern of the study area is described quantitatively by selecting the fractal index, fragmentation index, segmentation index and other indices. The results show that main types of green space are public greenbelt and unit affiliated green- belt. The urban greenbelts are low diversity, the public greenbehs are scarce and collectively distributed, thus forms large number of greenbelt service blind areas. Different types of greenbelts are of high fractal dimension and irregular shape, unit affiliated greenbelt and residence greenbelts fragmentation index are quite high due to the affects of humans, and the shapes are various and irregular.