基于层次分析法和GIS的西昌市空间形态变化特征研究

The Study of Spatial Pattern Change Features in Xichang City Based on AHP and GIS

城市空间形态变化研究涉及到自然条件、资源分布、人类活动、社会经济发展等诸多方面,运用层次分析法对复杂因素构成的整体问题进行层次分解和重新构造,建立多目标的综合评价指标体系和模型。以西昌市为例,将影响城市化发展和空间形态发展变化的特征因子概括分解为自然因子和人类活动因子两大类,并基于DEM数据分别提取出坡度、相对高程、坡向、地面粗糙度数据,利用两个不同时期的遥感数据求取出土地变化率数据,从而作为分析西昌市空间形态变化特征的驱动力因子。结合层次分析法计算出来的5个因子权重值,在ArcGIS 9.3中利用栅格计算器进行叠置分析,求取出西昌市空间形态变化模式趋势图和空间发展模式分类图。

Morphological changes of urban spatial development related to natural conditions and resource dis- tribution, human activities and many other aspects of social and economic development. Multi-objective comprehen- sive evaluation index system and the feature are built on AHP to hierarchical decomposition and restructure. It should be split urban spatial development into natural factor and human activity factor with an example of Xichang City of Sichuan Province. Extracting the slope, aspect, relative elevation, surface roughness based on the DEM da- ta of Xichang City, making the land use rate based on two different period＇ s remote sensing data as driving force factors for the researches of the morphological change of urban spatial development. Combined the weight of the five factors with Analytical Hierarchy Process （AHP） , space form change trend and space development pattern classifi- cation in Xichang City is made using raster calculator of spatial analysis tools in ARCGIS 9.3. It should supply the new workable method means for many complicated factors environment to the problems of target tendency.