广西甘蔗线虫种类及分布

Nematode species and their distribution in sugarcane fields in Guangxi

【目的】了解广西甘蔗主产区甘蔗线虫的种类、分布及虫口密度等信息,为进一步深入研究及有效防控提供科学依据。【方法】采集桂南沿海、桂南、桂西南、桂中、桂西11个主要蔗区甘蔗线虫土样,采用贝尔曼浅盘漏斗分离法对线虫进行分离,在光学显微镜下鉴定种类及数量。【结果】共收集到甘蔗寄生线虫16属,占线虫总数的70.3%,腐生线虫占29.7%;在寄生线虫中,以螺旋线虫和矮化线虫为主,分别占54.0%和26.9%,其次是短体线虫,占12.1%。水田蔗地线虫数量比旱坡地多,宿根蔗地比新植蔗地多;水田及宿根蔗地矮化线虫和短体线虫比旱坡地及新植蔗地多,但水田及宿根蔗地螺旋线虫比旱坡地及新植蔗地少。【结论】共鉴定出16个属的寄生线虫,优势寄生线虫为螺旋线虫、矮化线虫和短体线虫。研究结果为广西甘蔗主产区开展线虫普查及线虫病害防治和检疫奠定了基础。

[Objective]Species,distribution and larval density of sugarcane nematode were investigated in major sugarcane producing areas of Guangxi in order to provide scientific basis for their effective control and prevention.[Method]Soil samples containing sugarcane nematode were collected from 11 major sugarcane areas of Guangxi.Nematodes were separated using Baermann funnel method and the species was identified in the optical microscope.[Result]It was observed that there were total 16 genus of sugarcane parasitic nematode occupying 70.3% population,while saprophytic nematodes accounted for 29.7%.Helicotylenchus,Tylenchorhynchus and Pratylenchus were the main species being occuping 54.0,26.9 and 12.1%.Higher number of nematodes was observed in paddy field soil compared to soils from dry slopes,and soils from ratoon sugarcane fields contained higher number compared to planting cane soil.This trend was especially observed for Tylenchorhynchus and Pratylenchus species,however contrary results were observed for Helicotylenchus species.[Conclusion]Total 16 genus of sugarcane parasitic nematode in sugarcane areas of Guangxi were preliminarily identified,Helicotylenchus,Tylenchorhynchus and Pratylenchus were the main species.These results will help in developing efficient control and prevention strategies for nematode in sugarcane planting.