狭叶柴胡中黄酮类化合物含量及其动态变化研究

Flavonoid content and its dynamic change in Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd

【目的】揭示不同物候期狭叶柴胡茎、叶等不同器官中黄酮类化合物含量及其动态变化规律,为其综合开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用紫外可见光分光光度法测定狭叶柴胡各器官中黄酮类化合物的含量,并比较不同物候期狭叶柴胡茎、叶中黄酮类化合物含量变化趋势。【结果】在狭叶柴胡不同器官中,黄酮类化合物主要积累在茎、叶、花及幼嫩果实中,其中以叶中的含量最高,为2.259%;而根和成熟果实中的含量很低,分别为0.032%和0.046%。在茎、叶的发育过程中,盛花期的黄酮类化合物含量最高,坐果时含量有所下降,果实成熟时含量又开始上升,至枯萎前期,两者的黄酮类化合物含量又恢复到一个较高水平。【结论】对狭叶柴胡中黄酮类物质的开发利用应重点选择叶片,并在狭叶胡植株枯萎前期采收其地上部分,以达到综合利用的目的。

[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to investigate the flavonoid content change in stems and leaves during different phenophases of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd in order to find out the proper time and plant part for flavonoid extraction.[Method]UV vis-spectrophotometry method was used to determine flavonoid content in different organs of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd,and their change trend during different phenophases was compared.[Result]Among different organs of B.scorzonerifolium,the flavonoids were mainly distributed in the stem,leaf,flower and young fruits with the highest content of 2.259% in leaves,while it was lower,i.e.0.032 and 0.046% in roots and mature fruits,respectively.During the development of stem and leaves,the flavonoids were the highest during full blossom period,while it decreased at fruit-setting period and increased again at fruit maturity period.At the early stage of withering,flavonoid contents of both stem and leaf recovered to a relatively higher level.[Conclusion]For extraction of flavonoids from Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd,leaf shall be selected as the top priority,and the aerial parts shall be harvested before withering.