清代书院词学教育

Ci Education of Academies in Qing Dynasty

词学教育是清代书院文学教育的一项内容,从生徒的词学课艺、掌教者的课艺评点以及书院藏书目录等诸多内容可知,清代一些书院对词学教育给予了积极支持。除了练习作词外,清代一些书院也从事词学研究。学海堂中谭莹与梁梅的论词绝句是清代书院词学研究的重要代表,他们对历代词人、词作以及词风做了许多鞭辟入里的论析,为中国词学发展做出了重要贡献。清代书院词学教育中存在着一个普遍现象,很多掌教者对淫词艳曲进行过口诛笔伐,这既是清真雅正规范清代书院词学教育的重要反映,又是道德教化主宰清代书院词学教育的重要体现。

Ci（melody-matched lyrics in classical Chinese poetry） education was a component of literary education in academies in Qing dynasty.From student＇s exercises,teacher＇s comments and library bibliotheca we can find that some academies offered full support to Ci education.Besides exercise to create Ci,some academies and scholars were engaged in Ci research.Tang-ying and Liang-mei,two scholars from Xuehaitang academy,reviewed Ci in quatrain form,which is considered the most significant among the academic researches on Ci in Qing dynasty.They made lots of insightful comments on Ci writers,their works and writing styles,and greatly enhanced the development of Ci study.It was quite common that scholars condemned the obscene lyrics and tunes to strictly regulate Ci education with dominating moral enlightenment in academies during Qing dynasty.