诚信义务的自然法基础及类型化——诚信人人像之塑造

The Natural Law Basis of Good Faith Duties and Its Type

诚信是主观的善,是正义的伦理基础。现代民法将诚信原则确立为基本原则,它必然要求民法上的人是诚信的。诚信在民法上是一组义务,是一个合理的人在社会交往中所负担的行为义务,这些义务是他应做并能做到的。诚实不欺、信守诺言、不害他人和关爱他人是诚信人的四条伦理原则。诚信人概念矫正了个人主义方法论的缺陷,有益于导向协作与利他,为关心他人利益建立纽带,从而避免他人成为个人利益的工具。

Good faith is a subjective good and constitutes ethical basis of justice.Good faith principle becomes the basic principle in modern civil law;it requires that persons act in good faith.Good faith is a group of duties borne by a reasonable person in particular situations.A person of good faith has four ethic norms： be honest without deceit,observing promises,not harming others,and caring for others.The concept of ＂person of good faith＂ can correct the defects of the individualist methodology.It can help to orient collaboration and altruism,and establish ties to care for others,and avoid others becoming a tool for individual interests.