人神之桥——剑河县方家村苗族血祭调查

A Bridge of Linking Human and Spirit—An Investigation of Blood Sacrifice by Miao Minority in Fangjia Village of Jianhe

用牺牲进行祭祀,是人类普遍的行为现象。苗族村落方家村的祭祀用牲与牺牲用血紧密联系。在该村,他们所养的鱼、鸡、鸭、鹅、狗、猪、牛、羊、马等,都用作牺牲,它们的血是神圣的不可或缺的祭品,在具体操作中有生血祭与熟血祭两种。其目的是用血以敬神,使之达到人神和谐。

Sacrifice is human＇s popular activity.In Fangjia Village of Jianhe,the activity of sacrifice and the blood of livestock are closely related,where the raised livestock such as fish,cocks,ducks,geese,pigs,and cattle are used as sacrifices whose blood is taken as essential sacrificial offerings.The aim of blood sacrifice is to worship spirit,which includes raw and cooked types so as to harmonize human and spirit.