苦瓜炭疽病病原鉴定及生物学特性初步研究

The Preliminary Study of Biology Characteristics and Identification of Momordica in Charantia anthracnose L.

为了鉴定海南岛苦瓜种植区的苦瓜炭疽病病原,通过形态学观察和ITS序列分析,对采自海南岛的炭疽病菌进行了鉴定,并初步对其生物学特性进行了研究。将来自海南苦瓜炭疽病菌鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）,序列同源性分析表明该病原菌与来自台湾、陕西和墨西哥的炭疽病菌同源性最高。生物学特性测定表明该病菌菌丝生长的适宜pH9~12,最适pH10;光暗交替有利于菌丝的生长;孢子萌发的适宜pH5~8,最适pH6;黑暗有利于孢子的萌发。胶孢炭疽菌（C.gloeosporioides）也是苦瓜炭疽病菌病原菌,光照和pH是影响其菌丝生长和孢子萌发的重要因子。

The aim was to determine anthracnose in Momordica charantia. The pathogen strain from Hainan Province was identified with morphology and ITS sequence analysis, and the biology characteristics were studied preliminary. The results showed C. gloeosporioides was the pathogens of anthracnose. The alignment analysis indicated that it had the highest homology with the anthracnose pathogen from Taiwan, Shanxi Province and Mexico. The pH values for the mycelial growth was 9-12, with an optimum of pH 10; alternation of light and darkness were conducive to the growth of the mycelial; the spores germinate with pH values 5-8, with an optimum of pH 6; darkness was conducive to the germination of the spores. C. gloeosporioides was the pathogens of anthracnose; the pH values and light condition were the important factors which affected the mycelial growth and spores germination.