金莲花种子萌发特性研究

Study on Germination Characteristics of Trollius chinensis Seeds

以金莲花种子为材料,就不同GA3浓度和处理时间、沙藏时间、温度和基质等对金莲花种子萌发的影响进行研究,旨在建立金莲花种子萌发的栽培技术体系,为金莲花引种驯化和栽培管理提供理论依据和实践技术。试验结果表明:(1)4℃沙藏或GA3处理可有效打破休眠,其中4℃沙藏40～50天或150mg/LGA3处理种子3～4天,250mg/LGA3处理种子2～4天和350mg/LGA3处理2天均可有效解除休眠。(2)温度显著影响金莲花种子的萌动时间、发芽率和幼苗生长。其中30℃和30℃以上高温严重抑制金莲花种子的萌动和幼苗生长。10℃低温延缓种子萌动,15℃、20℃是金莲花种子萌发和幼苗生长的最适宜温度,25℃也有较好的促进作用。(3)基质影响金莲花种子的萌发。不同基质中金莲花种子出苗率由高到低依次为沙>混合基质1(沙和园土按2:1混合)和腐叶土>混合基质2(沙和园土按1:2混合)。

To provide the theory and practical technology for introduction, domestication and cultivation of Trollius chinensis Bunge, the effects of the treatment time of different concentrations GA 3 , storage time in 4℃, different temperature and soil matrix on germination of T. chinensis seeds were researched. The results showed that： （1） the dormancy of T. chinensis seeds were broken at 4℃ temperature in sands or GA 3 treatments. 40-50 days was the best time to relieve Trollius chinensis seeds dormancy in sands at 4℃ temperature. The treatment of 150 mg/L GA 3 for 3-4 days, 250 mg/L GA 3 for 2-4 days and 350 mg/L GA 3 for 2 days were the better way to relieve dormancy. （2） The germinating time, gemination rate and growth of seedlings were influenced by different temperature. It was suppressed by 30℃ or higher than 30℃ and was delayed by 10℃; 15℃ and 20℃ were the most suitable temperature and which were also promoted by 25℃. （3） Different soil matrix influenced geminination of Trollius chinensis seeds. The germination rate were sands mixture ground mass one （mixture of sands and soil by 2：1）, leaf mold mixture ground mass two （mixture of sands and soil by 1：2） respectively.