欧美成长小说之比较——以《被抛弃的韦瑟罗尔奶奶》为例

Comparison About Classic European Bildungsroman

文章以美国作家凯瑟琳.安.波特之作《被遗弃的韦瑟罗尔奶奶》为例,从主题人物刻画、环境烘托、写作手法以及创作视角等方面分析了欧美成长小说之不同。主题上,欧洲经典成长小说以乐观的态度和完美结局来表达成长主题,美国成长小说充满悲剧色彩;人物刻画上,欧洲经典成长小说主人公都是在向社会"妥协"中达到同化的,美国成长小说非常注重"自我"的表现和人生目标的实现;写作手法上,美国成长小说更加多样化;创作视角上,由经典成长小说的全知视角向多视角的转换也是其一大特色。

The paper analyses the differences between classic European bildungsroman and initia- tion story from the aspects of definitions, themes, portrayal of the characters, circumstances, writing techniques and point of view, examplified by The Jilting of Granny Wheatherall written by Katherine Ann Porter. The themes of classic European bildungsroman are characterized by positive attitude and happy ending, while its American counterparts are full of tragic color. In terms of the portrayal of characters, European protagonists achieve their dreams by compromising to the society, in contrast, Americans devote to the expression of the ＂self＂ and the realization of life goals. The characters of the initiation story always struggle in a comparatively harsher environment. The initiation story includes more kinds of writing techniques. In terms of the point of view, the initiation story varies from the classic European bildungsroman＇s omniscient perspective to multi-perspectives.