低温下沉水植物塘对农村污染水体的净化作用

Purification function of submerged plant pond in rural polluted water at low temperature

通过4种常见的沉水植物与基质组成的水生植物塘系统对模拟的农村污染水体进行净化处理,分析不同沉水植物在低温下的净化能力.结果表明:4种沉水植物对总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)均有良好的处理效果,对TP和COD的去除率在80%以上,其中黑藻和金鱼藻对TP的去除率达到了97%;对氮的去除较明显,对总氮(TN)的去除率在54.27%～77.45%之间,对NH3-N的去除率在47.26%～60.79%;对营养物质的去除速率较快,最佳水力停留时间为2～3天.总体上看,低温下金鱼藻和黑藻对农村污染水体的净化作用较好,可作为沉水植物处理农村污染水体的优选物种.

A simulated rural polluted water was purified by an aquatic plant pond system composed of four common submerged plants and substrate,and the purification ability of different submerged plants at low temperature was analyzed.The result show that the four submerged plants have good results of treatment to TP and COD,the removal rate of TP and COD is more than 80%,and the TP removal efficiency reaches 97% by hydrilla verticillata and hornwort,the four submerged plants are obvious on nitrogen removal,the removal rates of TN and NH3-N are 54.27%-77.45% and 47.26%-60.79%,the four submerged plants remove nutrients fast,the best hydraulic retention time is 2-3 days.It is concluded that hydrilla verticillata and hornwort have better function in purifying rural polluted water at low temperature,and can be used as optimum selection species of aquatic plants in treating rural polluted water.