再论回归人性本位的大学课程——回应解飞厚先生

Retuning to Humanity-based University Curriculum:A Response to Mr. Xie Feihou

大学课程具有完善人性、发展社会、建设学科的多重价值。国家、大学、学生不同价值主体有不同的价值取向,大学要有自己独立的、明确的价值取向,大学课程应以人性为本位。如果大学课程不能确定其本位价值,就会在其他价值主体价值取向的强力干预下摇摆不定,课程组织没有原则,课程内容世俗化和功利化。大学课程的人性本位取向是由高等教育的本质决定的。将高等教育的本质定位为"专"不利于完整人格的培养,不利于学科的综合化,不利于社会的多元化。高等教育的本质特征不是"专"而是"高",一是德高,二是才高。大学教育是培养才高德劭真君子的教育,是由人文引领的、通识教育与专业教育并重的、以培养完整人格为目的的教育。大学,只有当它能培养出汲取了经典著作的智慧、在探讨自由学术的过程中获得了创造力的自由人、真君子的时候,才有可能为科技进步和社会发展作出贡献,满足其他价值主体的价值追求。

University curriculum serves multiple purposes,including perfection of human nature,promotion of social development and establishment of academic disciplines.Nevertheless,with regard to value orientation,the university should not be dictated by others,but adopt a humanity-based criterion of its own.The essence of higher education is not 'specialized' education but 'higher' education,which refers to acquisition of 'higher learning' as well as 'higher morality'.University education is to cultivate talents of both great learning and lofty morality.It should be guided by humanistic spirit,lay equal emphasis on general and professional education,and aim at cultivating an integrated personality.Only by turning out talents who acquire wisdom through reading classics and develop creativity through academic inquiry can the university contribute to social progress and scientific advancement,thus satisfying the requirements of other stakeholders as a result.