影响学生体育学习情境兴趣的主因素研究

A Research on the Major Factors Affecting Students' Situational Interest in PE

本研究以上海市中学生为研究对象,修订了中文版体育情境兴趣量表的信效度资料,构建了体育情境兴趣的模型结构,通过对被试学习过程中情境兴趣的测试与分析,揭示了影响学生体育学习情境兴趣的主因素及其相关关系。研究结果表明:中文版体育情境兴趣量表具有良好的信度和效度,能较好地解释总体变量;相关与回归分析表明:即时愉悦感是激发体育学习情境兴趣的主要因素,而体育学习内容本身过高的新颖性和挑战性不利于情境兴趣的激发。

The present research was to reveal the structure of major factors affecting the situational interest in PE and the correlation among the factors and to measure and evaluate the increase of the situational interest in PE more scientifically in order to provide reference for the teaching and learning reform of school PE through the study on the reliability and validity of the PE Situational Interest Scale （PESIS） after revision and confirmation. The subjects of this research were 485 （valid） senior students of a high school in Shanghai （ 261 males and 224 females）. The PE Situational Interest Scale created by Ang Chen, Darst and Pangranzi was translated and revised in this research based on the scientific and integral characteristics of the original scale. The Chinese version of the revised scale consisted of 24 short sentences with clear meaning expressions. The 5-point Liket Scale was used in ranking ＂disagree, not so agree, no opinion, agree and agree very much＂ with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 points. According to the measurement theory of situational interest, jogging and gymnastics in PE classes of high school were chosen as the experimental situations. We chose the teaching video of jogging and gymnastics taped with a Panasonic DS65 as the experimental materials to test Shanghai middle school students＇ situational interest in PE and adopted exploratory factor analysis to discriminate the item buildup of each dimension. All the data of investigation and measurement were put in the statistical software SPSS10. 0 for analyzing the major factors. The results of this research indicated the revised Chinese version of the scale possesses sufficient reliability and validity. By exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, we eventually got a sixe-lement construct of situational interests, which includes novelty, challenge, attention demands, exploring intention, instant enjoyment and total interest; with factor and item discrimination analysis applied to each dimension, the buildup of each dimension and its internal consistency was also found. The results of the research indicated that the six elements could predict 58.02 percent of the total variance in jogging and 61.17 percent in gymnastics. The internal consistency Cronbaeh＇ s alpha co-efficients between the scale and the dimensions were. 87, . 88, . 89, . 87, . 85, . 93 and. 89 in jogging and. 91, . 89, . 86, . 90, . 81, . 86, . 90 in gymnastics. The revised scale had a comparatively good construct validity. What＇ s more, through the subjects＇ rating of each item and expert judgment, we got its content validity; after checking on test-retest reliability, we deeply analyzed the reliability materials（ p 〈. 001 ）. The revised results in the samples showed that the Chinese-revised scale had a stable relia- bility as well as better validity and could fulfill the task of measuring PE situational interest. So as to measure the different factor＇ s influence and the interactive relations between the different dimensions, correlation and regression analyses were adopted based on the data of the test. The results of correlation analysis showed that the different dimensions had a significant relationship（p 〈. 01 ）with each other. They also proved the rationality of the structure, of which the data can be found in Graph 5. The results of regression analysis showed that instant enjoyment and explorativeness was the most influential source to arouse the students＇ situational interest. Instant enjoyment could predict 49% of change （R2 =. 49 ） in jogging and 67 % （ ha =. 67 ） of change in gymnastics. However, increasing challenge and the novelty of the activity will influence the individual＇s rate of situational interest. Novelty could predict 3 % （ Beta =. 20） of change in jogging and 1% （ Beta =. 13 ） of change in gymnastics. Challenge could predict 2% （Beta = -. 14）of change in jogging and only 1% （ Beta = -. 11 ） of change in gymnastics.