采用乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷对真丝织物阻燃改性的工艺条件及样品性能测试

Technological Condition and Property Test of Flame Retardancy Modification to Silk Fabrics with Vinyltriethoxysilane

为了制备环保及阻燃性能优良的真丝织物,采用低毒性的乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VETS)对真丝织物进行化学接枝。以极限氧指数为考核指标,经过单因素试验优化接枝工艺为:单体乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷对织物的质量分数150%,引发剂过硫酸钾(KPS)对单体的质量分数1%,整理液pH 4,反应温度80℃,反应时间90 min,浴比1∶20,单体水溶液超声波处理时间90min。在此工艺条件下进行阻燃整理的真丝织物的接枝率为27.1%,极限氧指数为25.8%,提高2.7个百分点。对接枝真丝织物样品的红外光谱表征及热重分析认为,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷单体与真丝织物发生接枝反应后通过提高织物燃烧后的成炭量增强其阻燃性能。扫描电子显微镜观察接枝真丝织物样品燃烧后的炭渣残留量高,起泡现象不明显。研究结果显示,用乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷接枝后真丝织物的阻燃性能得到一定提高。

In order to prepare environment friendly silk fabrics with good flame retardant property,the silk fabrics were chemically grafted with vinyltriethoxysilane of hypotoxicity.From evaluation to limiting oxygen index and one-factor experiments,the optimal grafting technological parameters were found as follows： mass fraction of vinyltriethoxysilane（VTES） to fabrics 150%,mass fraction of initiator potassium persulfate（KPS） to monomer 1%,pH value of the finishing solution 4,reaction temperature 80 ℃,reaction time 90 min,bath ratio 1 ∶20,and ultrasonic processing time to monomer solution 90 min.The grafting rate of flame retardant silk fabrics finished under this process conditions was 27.1%,and the limiting oxygen index was 25.8%,being increased by 2.7 percentage points.Infrared spectrometric characterization and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the flame retardancy of silk fabrics grafted with vinyltriethoxysilane was enhanced by increasing char residue of the fabrics after burning.Scanning electron microscopic observation indicated that the amount of residual char of flame retardant silk fabrics was high and the blistering was not obvious after burning.The results show that the flame retardancy of silk fabrics can be improved through grafting with vinyltriethoxysilane.