利用等离子弧熔覆的薄壁件快速成型工艺研究

Study on the building process of the thin-wall parts using plasma arc deposition based rapid prototyping

介绍一种基于等离子弧熔覆的直接金属快速成型工艺。研究了薄壁件成型时成型轨迹截面形状对成型质量的影响、尾缩控制、成型温度控制,以及力学性能等关键工艺问题。研究结果表明,扁平截面的成型轨迹有利于保证成型质量;采用末端减速法可以有效地避免薄壁件的尾缩现象;采用减小热输入与直接水冷相结合的成型方式,能够避免成型时液态金属的过度流淌等缺陷;薄壁件的抗拉强度和延伸率与填充金属丝相当,水平方向的性能优于垂直方向。

A metal rapid prototyping process based on the plasma arc deposition was presented. Some key process problems of thin-wall parts building, such as impact of the cross-section shape on the part＇ s quality, end-shrinkage control, temperature control and mechanical properties were investigated. The research results showed that flat deposited track is favorable to ensure the building quality. The end-speed-down method was adopted to avoid the end-shrinkage of the thin-wall part. Reducing heat input combine with the water-cooled method can avoid the building defects effectively. The mechanical properties of thin-wall parts were tested ,and the test results showed that the tensile strength and elongation of the parts were corresponding to the mechanical prop- erties of the filling wire. The longitudinal tensile strength and elongation of the parts were better than the transverse data.