农村居民点整理潜力综合修正与测算——以北京市平谷区为例

Integrated Correction and Calculation of Rural Residential Consolidation Potential:A Case Study of Pinggu District,Beijing

准确测算农村居民点整理增加耕地潜力是科学编制农村土地整治规划的重要前提。本研究针对当前普遍使用的人均建设用地标准法存在计算简单、测算结果偏离实际等问题,以北京市平谷区为例,统筹考虑农村居民点整理的自然适宜性、生态安全性、经济可行性、社会可接受性和规划导向性5个方面的因素,建立了潜力逐级修正的测算模型。测算模型的相关修正系数利用农用地分等方法、生态用地一票否决制、经济社会指标评价以及概念赋值等方法设定。研究表明,平谷区各乡镇自然适宜性修正系数为0.4757～0.8628,生态安全性修正系数为0.3004～0.8852,经济可行性修正系数为0.3943～0.8939,社会可接受性修正系数为0.4643～0.8165,规划导向性修正系数为0.2877～0.8858,生态安全性和规划导向性因素对农村居民点整理潜力影响的区域差异较其他3个方面更加显著;潜力经过综合修正后,平谷区农村居民点整理可净增加耕地面积为614.13hm2,增加耕地系数为10.77%。

According to the calculating results from the Ministry of Land and Resources,the theoretical increase potential of cultivated land is 48 million hectares via rural residential land consolidation in 2020.However,because of restraint factors like natural conditions,economic development,land use plan,there is discrepancy between the actual and theoretical goals.So it is important to calculate the cultivated land increase potential accurately pre-and during rural residential land consolidation planning.In view of the current calculating methods such as simple arithmetic and measuring results deviated from the process of per capita construction land use standard method.After analyzing and summarizing previous calculation methods,this paper,taking Pinggu District of Beijing as a case,establishes a filtering correction mathematical model,in consideration of account natural suitability,ecological security,economic feasibility,social acceptability and planning guidance.In order to correct the realistic potential of land consolidation in rural residential areas,the correction coefficient of realistic potential were refined by the theory and method of agricultural land gradation,＂one-vote negative system＂of ecological land,index and method of economic-social evaluation and conceptual assignment method.The results show that,the natural limiting correction coefficient of rural land consolidation potential in Pinggu District is 0.4757～0.8628,the ecological limiting correction coefficient is 0.3004～0.8852,the economic limiting correction coefficient is 0.3943～0.8939,the social limiting correction coefficient is 0.4643～0.8165,and the plan-oriented limiting correction coefficient is 0.2877～0.8858.Effects of ecological security and plan guidance factors on rural residential consolidation potential and its regional difference are more remarkable than those of the other three factors.By multiplying the five above correction coefficients,the net cultivated land increase potential via rural residential consolidation is 614.13 hm^2 and the coefficient of cultivated land increase potential is 10.77%.This study sets up a more mature and logical evaluation index system for rural residential land consolidation,which can improve the methods of regional rural residential land consolidation plans.