玉米单倍体诱导率和加倍率研究

Research on the Induced Rates and the Doubling Rates of Haploid in Maize

对12份不同种质的基础材料进行单倍体杂交诱导与自然加倍试验。结果表明,不同材料单倍体诱导率存在很大差异,母本基因型对单倍体诱导率具有重要影响,诱导率最高达12.14%,最低为6.77%;四144为亲本材料的诱导率最高为11.77%,最低为6.77%,差异较大;PH4为亲本材料的诱导率最高为11.88%,最低为11.77%,差异不大。不同材料单倍体雌穗加倍率相差不大,最高为97.44%,最低为84.30%;不同材料雄穗加倍率存在很大差异,最高为19.19%,最低为5.62%,相对应自交结实率差异也较大。不同种质基础材料单倍体自交结实率基本与单倍体雄穗的加倍率成正相关。因此,单倍体雄穗的育性问题是单倍体自交结实性的限制因素。

Twelve different maize germplasm materials were induced by haploid inducer to test their ability of producing haploid and spontaneous chromosome doubling. The results indicated that haploid induction rates among different germplasm materials differ greatly. The female genotypes have a great effect on the haploid induction rates. The highest haploid induction rate is 12.14% while the lowest is 6.77%. The induction rates of hybrids having the same parent Four144 varied from 6.77% to 11.77%, while it varied from 11.77% to 11.88% when the same parent was PH4. The difference in the rate of ears double haploid in different germplasm is not significant which vary from 97.44% to 84.30%. However, the difference in the rate of tassel double haploid of different germplasm were quite sig- nificant varying from 5.62% to 19.19% and the corresponding rates of selfing seeds setting of differs greatly too. The results showed that the rate of selfing seeds setting and the rate of tassel double haploid of different germplasm were positively correlated. So the haploid tassel fertility is a limiting factor in haploid self-seed.