玉米施用氮肥和有机物N_2O释放研究

Study on the Release Mechanism of N_2O in Corn Field Applied Nitrogen Fertilizer and Organic Matter

氧化亚氮(N2O)是除二氧化碳和甲烷之外的一种重要温室气体。N2O通量有明显的季节变化,夏季高于春秋两季;不施肥料及猪粪、秸秆不还田的玉米田N2O排放通量明显高于空地,表明种植玉米促进N2O排放;施用氮肥N2O排放通量在整个玉米生长季均高于不施肥的处理,表明施肥促进土壤N2O排放通量的增加。在施用化肥基础上,玉米秸秆还田、施用猪粪N2O排放通量均高于只施用化肥,在两个排放高峰期表现尤为明显。玉米秸秆、猪粪含有较多的C、N物质,进一步促进了土壤中微生物的硝化和反硝化作用,有利于N2O的生成及排放。在等碳量条件下,施用猪粪N2O排放通量高于玉米秸秆还田;在碳不等量条件下,玉米秸秆还田或猪粪量越高,N2O排放通量越大,表明在一定用量范围内增施有机物料,能增加N2O排放通量。

Nitrous oxide（N2O） is an flux changed obviously with the change important greenhouse gas in addition to carbon dioxide and methane. The N2O of the season. In summer higher than in spring and autumn. Emission amount of N2O in corn field with not to fertilizer materials or manure, and straw with not to field was significantly higher than the open space. The N2O release in the field can be accelerated by planting corn, applying nitrogen fertilizer. Applying corn straw and pig manure can also enhance N2O release flux as the abundant carbon, nitrogen content in it. Under the same carbon content, the N2O release flux is higher than that in corn straw; under the different carbon contents, the N2O release flux is increased with the increase of corn straw and pig manure concentration.