垂直取向介孔薄膜的制备

Preparation of Vertically Oriented Mesoporous Thin Films

垂直取向介孔薄膜是指薄膜内部孔道垂直于基底定向排列的一类介孔薄膜,其在催化、吸附与分离、化学传感器、太阳能电池等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文就近几年内垂直取向介孔薄膜的制备方法以及在若干领域的应用进行了回顾和综述。在此基础上,对这种特殊的薄膜材料未来的发展进行了展望。

The macroscopic alignment of mesochannels in films and its control are quite significant for advanced materials with controlled functions. However, the direction of mesochannels in almost all mesoporous/ mesostructured films is parallel to the substrate. The films containing vertically oriented mesochannels in uniform direction are of wide prospects due to their huge potential applications including catalysis, adsorption and separation, high-sensitive chemical sensors, solar cells and so forth. Here some important characterization techniques are presented, such as cross-sectional TEM, X-ray diffraction and grazing-incident smallangle X-ray scattering. Simultaneously, various preparation methods of vertically oriented mesoporous thin films in recent years are reviewed including template based method, using external fields, modification of substrate and other methods. We also briefly summarize its applications in selective membrane, preparation of vertically oriented metal films and eleetrochromic display devices. In addition, the development of vertically oriented mesoporous thin films in the future is expected.