李清照诗词中的隐喻和转喻分析

Metaphors and Metonymies in Li Qingzhao's Poems

在传统语言学中,隐喻和转喻被看作是语言修辞手法,即语言使用现象。近期,认知语言学和心理学的研究表明,隐喻和转喻体现了人类的认知思维方式。F.Ungerer和H.J.Shmid认为它们是基于概念结构的相似性、相关性,从一个认知范畴向另一个认知范畴的映射,是人们认识、理解、表达另一事物的过程。文章从认知语言学的角度,主要依照Lakoff的隐喻理论和Fau-connier的映射分类,试图对李清照诗词中的隐喻和转喻进行分类和解读,以揭示出那些超人想象的诗词意象其实源于人类普通的认知机制。

In traditional linguistics, metaphor and metonymy were regarded as rhetorical devices. The recent studies of cognitive linguistics and psychology show that metaphor and metonymy are the powerful tools of under- standing and expressing abstract concepts; they not only belong to language but also belong to cognition. Meta- phor and metonymy based on the resemblance and relevance of conceptual structure are the projections from one to another cognitive category and the processes of understanding and expressing another concept. Metaphor and metonymy applied in Qingzhao Li＇ s poets reveals the mystery that the brilliant imagery produced in poets is based on cognitive mechanism.