番茄种子消毒方法及愈伤组织诱导的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Seed Disinfection Methods and Callus Induction of Tomato

以大红番茄、大黄番茄及红牛奶番茄为材料,研究了不同种子消毒方法和基因型对番茄种子萌发的影响,以及激素配比对愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,种子消毒的最好方法是采用3%的次氯酸钠灭菌3min。大红番茄的发芽率最高(86.25%),红牛奶番茄的发芽率较低(38.75%),表明各基因型之间发芽率差异较大。大红番茄和红牛奶番茄最佳的子叶愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+0.50mg/L IAA+1.0mg/L BA,愈伤组织诱导率分别为81.25%、50.00%;大黄番茄子叶愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为MS+0.20mg/L IAA+1.00mg/L BA,愈伤组织诱导率为68.75%;大红番茄、大黄番茄及红牛奶番茄茎段愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基均为MS+0.50mg/L IAA+1.00mg/L BA,其愈伤组织诱导率分别为75.50%、68.75%、37.50%。

Using red tomatoes,rhubarb and red milk tomato as materials in this experiment,the effects of genotypes,disinfection method of the seeds and hormone ratio on callus formation were studied.The results showed that the best seed disinfection method was application of 3% sodium hypochlorite for steriling for 3 min.The red tomato gave the highest germinative rate（86.25%）,and the red milk tomato＇s germination was lowest（38.75%）.The difference of germination rate between genotypes existed.For red tomatoes and red milk tomatoes,MS＋0.50 mg/L IAA＋1.00 mg/L BA was the best medium for cotyledons callus induction;callus induction rate were 81.25% and 50.00%,respectively.For rhubarb tomatoes,MS＋0.20 mg/L IAA＋1.00 mg/L BA wasoptimal to cotyledons callus induction medium with callus induction rate of 68.75%.MS＋0.50 mg/L IAA＋1.00 mg/L BA was the best for stems callus induction medium for the three cultivars,with the callus induction rates of 75.50%,68.75% and 37.50%,respectively.