中国劳动生产率的“地区—产业收敛悖论”——基于差异分解的实证研究

Region-Industry Convergence Paradox of China's Labor Productivity:Empirical Studies Based on Decomposition of Differences

文献分析和收敛实证检验发现,中国劳动生产率在国家层面上和产业层面上存在相反的结论,可谓之"地区—产业收敛悖论"。运用偏离—份额分析方法将1980—2009年各省份的劳动生产率差异分解成产业结构效应、纯生产率效应和配置效应,并利用统计数据检验每种效应的收敛性。实证结果表明,第一、二产业的纯生产率效应存在绝对收敛,但是产业结构效应和配置效应是发散的。这正是"地区—产业收敛悖论"存在的内在原因,即地区间生产率的收敛并不唯一地由产业的纯生产率决定,还要取决于产业结构效应和配置效应,而这两个效应在中国恰恰是发散的。

Literature analysis and empirical test of convergence show opposite conclusion of China＇s labor productivity between national level and industry level,which is Region-Industry Convergence Paradox.This paper applies shift-share to decompose Chinese regional labor productivity gap into industry mix component,productivity differential component and allocate component from 1980 to 2009,and to test convergence of each effect with statistical data.Empirical results show that there is productivity differential component effect in the first and second industries,but effects of industry mix component and allocate component is divergent,which is reason for Region-Industry Convergence Paradox：convergence of labor productivity is not determined by productivity differential component effect,but on effects of industry mix component and allocation component,which are two divergent effects in China.