运用EXCEL“规划求解”功能简化测量中的极值计算

Simplify the Surveying Extremum Calculating with Programming Solver of EXCEL

测量工作中很多计算都会涉及到极值的问题,如最小二乘法和优化计算。基于此,以位移观测基准点的布设方案优化、4参数求解、水准网平差为例,详细介绍了如何运用EXCEL中的规划求解功能,简单快速地完成测量中有关最小二乘法和优化等方面的计算。虽然只介绍了3个实例,但只要灵活、巧妙地运用,可以解决如7参数、多项式拟合、高程拟合参数、航测外方位元素、平面和高程网平差、控制网方案优化等诸多工程问题。

A lot of algorithms used in surveying concerns the extremum problem, such as least square method and optimizing calculation. This paper introduces in detail using EXCEL programming solver function, for example in the lay- out optimization of displacement observation of reference point, 4 parameters solver, and leveling network adjustment, to finish in simplicity the calculation of least squares method and optimizing. The paper introduces three examples, using dexterously and neatly theses methods in EXCEL which can work out as following questions： 7 parameters, muhinomial fitting and elevation fitting parameters, element of exterior orientation of aerial survey and control network project optimizing, etc.