黔西北地区核桃产量与立地土壤养分的关系

Relationship Between Walnut Yield and Soil Nutrient in Northwest of Guizhou Province

为指导贵州黔西北地区核桃园的合理施肥,研究了黔西北地区15a树龄不同产量核桃树与立地土壤养分之间的关系。结果表明:黔西北高原核桃相同树龄不同产量核桃树体胸径和所处海拔高度在一定范围差异不大;核桃产量随雌雄比例的增大而增加,当雌雄比例为1∶2.0时,核桃产量较高;高产、中产和低产核桃样株立地土壤pH值在6.43～7.29,有机质、全氮、全磷、有效氮、有效磷、有效钾含量丰富,适宜核桃生长;不同产量核桃树立地土壤的碱解氮、有机质、有效铁、有效锰、有效锌含量有一定的差异,核桃产量与立地土壤交换镁、交换钙含量呈显著正相关,核桃园应重视钙镁肥的施用。

The relevance of soil nutrient and various yield of Juglans sigillata in Northwest of Guizhou Province was studied to guide rational fertilization of walnut orchard.The results demonstrated that DBH of walnut trees with the same age and different yields in the Northwest Plateau of Guizhou Province had no much differences with elevation in certain degree;Yield of J.sigillata increased with the increase of female-male ratio.The yield was high when the female-male ratio was 1∶2.0;The soil pH varied from 6.43～7.29,the contents of OM,TN,TP,available N,P and K were rich,so the soil was appropriate for J.sigillata growth.Contents of available N,OM,available Fe,available Mn and available Zn in soils with different J.sigillata yields had certain difference.The J.sigillata yield had significant positive relationship with contents of exchangeable Mg and exchangeable Ca.So it was important to apply Ca and Mg fertilizer in walnut gardens.