甘蔗四种下种方式的效果比较研究

A comparative study of four ways for planting seed cane of sugarcane

采用广西推广面积最大的桂糖11号和目前正积极推广的新台糖16号两个甘蔗品种作试验材料,分砍种浸种消毒(A),砍种不浸种(B),剥叶不砍种(C),不剥叶不砍种(D)4种下种方式。试验结果表明,在前期土壤水分及温度基本满足甘蔗萌芽与生长要求的条件下,两个甘蔗品种均以砍种浸种消毒种茎处理的出苗早、出苗率高,桂糖11号A处理出苗率比B、C、D处理高270%～647%,新台糖16号A处理出苗率比B、C、D处理高343%～6112%;两个品种剥叶不砍种的分蘖率高于其他方式的种茎处理,桂糖11号C处理分蘖率比A、B、D处理高8119%～1064%,新台糖16号C处理分蘖率比A、B、D处理高213%～442%。桂糖11号不砍种的株高前期有较快的伸长速度,茎径增粗明显高于砍种处理。在甘蔗大生长后期和工艺成熟期土壤干旱严重的条件下,桂糖11号不砍种下种的甘蔗品质均明显优于砍种的,桂糖11号C处理甘蔗蔗糖份比A、B、D处理的高05%～23%(绝对值)。新台糖16号A处理蔗产量比B、C、D的高250%～330%。

Two sugarcane cultivars , i e GT11 and ROC 16 , were employed in the experiment for comparing 4 ways for planting the seed cane ,which are the treatments of planting with sterilized twobud seed cane (A) ,nonsterilized twobud seed cane (B) , multiplebud seed cane without sheath (C) , and multiplebud seed cane with sheath (D).When the soil moisture and temperature were good for the germination and growth of sugarcane, the seed cane germinated earlier, and the emergence rate was higher in the treatment with sterilized twobud seed cane as compared with the other treatments For tillering rate, however, the treatment with multiplebud seed cane without sheath were higher For GT11, the plants from the multiple seed cane grew faster at the early stage, and the stalk diameter was higher than those from the twobud seed cane At the stages of late growth and technical maturation and when the severe soil drought occurred, the cane quality were better in the treatments with multiplebud seed cane than those with twobud seed cane Eventually, the cane yield was higher slightly and sugar yield was significantly higher in the treatment with multiplebud seed cane without sheath than those in the other treatments for GT11 For ROC 16, however, the cane yield showed the highest in the treatment with sterilized twobud seed cane.