“社会主义现实主义”在中国的理论行程

The Theoretical Journey of "Socialist Realism" in China

"社会主义现实主义"概念和定义的出现,不仅是20世纪俄罗斯—苏联文学中的一件大事,而且在一个相当长的时间内对中国文学的观念、理论批评和创作,都产生过深刻的影响。纵观"社会主义现实主义"在中国文坛近70年的理论行程,可以清楚地看到,中国文学在自身发展的不同阶段,对它的接受和评价是截然不同的。中国文学为认识"社会主义现实主义"的实质付出了沉重的代价。从某种意义上说,"社会主义现实主义"在中国的命运,是检测中国文学和俄苏文学关系的一张晴雨表,并从特定层面显示出20世纪中国文学自身演变发展的一个侧面。

The appearance of the concept and definition of ＂socialist realism＂ was not only a big event in Russian- Soviet Union literature of the 20th century, but also gave great influence to Chinese literature in terms of concepts, theoretic criticism and creation during a considerably long time. Observing the 70 years theoretical journey of ＂socialist realism＂ in Chinese literary circles, we can clearly see that our receiving and evaluation of it was quite diverse in different stages of Chinese literature＇ s own development. Chinese litera- ture has paid a heavy price in recognizing the essence of ＂socialist realism＂. In a sense, the fate of ＂socialist realism＂ in China is a barometer of tl^Le relationship between Chinese and Russian - Soviet Union literature, as well as a mirror showing the evolution of Chinese literature in the 20th century.