论朱光潜对约翰·罗斯金美学观的批评

On Zhu Guangqian's Criticism on the Aesthetics of John Ruskin

朱光潜先生在其著名的《谈美》中对英国美学家、艺术批评家约翰.罗斯金的美学观提出了批评,认为罗斯金混淆了美感与快感,过于强调艺术对自然的刻意模仿。但如果对罗斯金的著作作更全面的了解,我们会发现朱光潜对罗斯金的批评在某种程度上有失公正,他的批评对国内读者了解一个真实的罗斯金容易产生一些负面影响。罗斯金的"典型美"和"生命美"等美学理论是他界定"美感"的核心依据。在对待自然与艺术的关系上,罗斯金并非像朱光潜所批评的认为艺术家应该对自然不加任何选择,而是强调其想象力的参与。

In his famous work On Beauty, Mr. Zhu Guangqlan criticized the aesthetic theory ot John Ruskin, a British aesthetician and art critic, considered him as mixing up the sense of beauty and the sense of pleasure, and over emphasizing the intended imitation of art to the nature. However, if we have a thorough understanding of Ruskin＇ s work, we may find that Zhu Guangqian＇ s criticism is unfair in a sense, and has left some negative influence on domestic readers＇ understanding of a true Ruskin. ＂The beauty of typical im- age＂ and ＂the beauty of life＂ are Ruskin＇ s core basis in defining ＂the sense of beauty＂. In terms of the rela- tion between nature and art, Ruskin does not think that artists should imitate nature without selection as alleg- ed by Zhu Guangqian, but emphasizes artists＇ imagination and participation.