从理解科学哲学的维度看现象学科学哲学的合法性

On the Legitimacy of Phenomenological Philosophy of Science from the Perspective of Understanding Philosophy of Science

从语义上分析,科学哲学至少包含了三个层面:(1)作为哲学思潮的"科学性哲学";(2)作为广义的"哲学活动"的科学哲学;(3)作为哲学学科的科学哲学。从类型上看,存在着(1)经验主义态度的科学哲学;(2)本体论或形而上学态度的科学哲学;(3)批判主义态度的科学哲学。这些差异表明,为科学哲学寻求统一的规范定义是徒劳的,相反,通过为科学哲学提供一种工作定义,可以将不同类型和流派的科学哲学纳入到科学哲学这个阵营中来,探讨现象学科学哲学的合法性。

Semantically, the term of Philosophy of Science contains at least three aspects： （1） Scientific philosophy as a trend of philosophical thoughts; （2） Philosophy of science as ＂philosophical activities＂; （3） Philosophy of science as a philosophical discipline. Typologically, there exist： （1） Philosophy of science in the empirical attitude; （2） PhilosOphy of science in the ontological or metaphysical attitude; （3） Philosophy of science in the criticism＇s attitude. These differences show that it is fruitless to look for a normal definition for Philosophy of science; On the contrary, we can bring different kinds of philosophy of science into the camp of Philosophy of Science by means of offering a working definition for Philosophy of Science, and find the validity of Phenomenological philosophy of science.