非软顶底板煤巷锚杆支护及围岩松动规律

Loose Regularity of Bolting and Surrounding in A Non-Soft Floor and Roof Gateway

分析巷道围岩松动规律是优化锚杆支护的基础。通过对非软顶底板煤巷围岩松动特征与锚杆支护关系的分析,理论计算了非软顶底板煤巷围岩的松动范围,提出了非软顶底板煤巷锚网索耦合支护方案,运用数值计算分析了非软顶底板煤巷锚杆支护前后围岩松动规律,并对试验巷道围岩松动范围进行了钻孔窥视和超声波探测。结果表明:非软顶底板煤巷围岩松动范围在顶板两角及两帮中部,两帮呈半圆形破坏,顶板呈马鞍形破坏。锚杆支护后,围岩松动范围减小,围岩应力由顶板两角沿两帮向底板两角深部转移,顶底角锚杆(索)耦合支护利于巷道围岩的稳定。

Analysis the loose regularity of gateway surrounding is the base for optimum bolting.After analysis of the relationship between surrounding loose characteristics and bolting in non-soft roof and floor gateway,the paper calculates theoretically surrounding loose scope of non-soft floor and roof gateway,obtains the scheme of bolt-mesh-cable coupling supporting in non-soft roof and floor gate-way,analyzes surrounding loose regularity of non-soft roof and floor gateway before and after bolting by numerical calculation,and monitors with drilling and detects with ultrasonic surrounding loose scope in test gateway.Results show that surrounding loose scope of non-soft roof and floor gateway lies in both two angles of roof and the middle of two sides.Two sides show semicircle destruction,roof saddle destruction.Surrounding loose scope reduces and surrounding stress transfers from two roof angles to deep in two floor angles along two sides after bolting.Bolt（cable） coupling supporting in roof and floor angles is favorable for stability of gateway surrounding.