健康教育在小儿哮喘阶梯治疗中的应用

Application of health education in the ladder treatment of pediatric asthma

目的观察健康教育在小儿哮喘阶梯治疗中的作用。方法将236例行阶梯治疗的哮喘患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各118例。2组均行常规的阶梯治疗,观察组对患儿及其家属有计划地采用各种形式的护理和健康教育。观察2组患儿及家属对哮喘相关知识的了解情况、服药依从性、手足口吸入激素掌握情况、霉菌感染率及哮喘控制情况。结果观察组哮喘知识的总掌握率、服药依从性、吸入激素掌握率高于对照组,霉菌感染率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组治疗后哮喘控制率均提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论通过健康教育,哮喘患儿多数能自我管理,半数以上支气管哮喘患儿得到了很好的治疗,但要全部患儿达到较理想的控制哮喘效果,教育管理尤为重要,长期防治还任重道远。

Objective To observe the application of health education in the ladder treatment of pediatric asthma. Methods 236 cases children with ladder treatment of pediatric asthma were randomly divided into observation group and con- trol group, each of 118 cases. Two groups were given conventional ladder treatment, observation group was planed to adopt vari- ous forms of nursing and health edueation for children and their families. Observed the understanding of asthma, medication compliance, the grasping of hand, foot and mouth inhaled eorticosteroid, fungal infection and asthma control of two groups. Re- sults The grasp rate of asthma knowledge, medication compliance, grasp rate of inhaled cortieosteroid of observation group were higher than those of congtrol group;The fungal infection rate in observation group was lower than that in control group, there were significant differences （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; After treatment, asthma control rates were increased of two groups, and observa- tion group was higher than control group, the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 O. 05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Af- ter health education, most of children with asthma have a capable of self management, more than half of children with bronchial asthma are well treated, but controlling the effect of all children, education management is particularly important, and has a long way to go.