新疆石河子地区气候变化特征分析

Study on the trend of climate change in Shihezi

利用1953—2007年的气温、降水资料分析了新疆石河子地区冷暖干湿气候特征的演变规律和突变情况。结果表明:近55 a来石河子地区的气温在20世纪80年代中后期持续升高,90年代以后明显变暖,其中春、冬季升温幅度较大;70年代降水最少,80年代后各季降水持续增加,21世纪后降水增加趋势更加明显。受降水的影响,干燥度经历了一个"偏湿—偏干—偏湿"的变化过程。在西北变暖湿背景下,石河子地区的气温和降水突变都比较明显。各季气温突变比较一致,主要集中在20世纪80年代和90年代;各季降水突变时段不尽相同,在60年代、70年代和80年代都有突变发生;干燥度在60年代和70年代经历了一次变干突变和一次变湿突变。

Based on the climatic data in 1953--2007 of meteorological stations over Shihezi, the changing trend of climate factors and its abrupt changes were analyzed. The results showed that the temperature increased after the mid- 1980s and climatic warming has accelerated since the 1990s due to the rise of temperature in spring and winter. The pre- cipitation experienced a changing trend, from lower （the 1970s） to higher （after 1980s）. Affected by the precipitation, the aridity index went through a ＂humid-dry-humid＂ temperature was obvious as precipitation in the study change of 1980s and 1970s and 1990s. However, the abrupt changes of precipitation were not so consistent, they were disturbed in 1960s, 1980s. The aridity index underwent a dryer and wetter abrupt change in 1960s and 1970s.