黄淮麦区小麦新品种(系)高分子量谷蛋白亚基多态性分析

Polymorphism Analysis of HMW-GS in New Wheat Varieties in Huang-huai Wheat Region of China

为了解黄淮麦区小麦新品种(系)的品质状况,用SDS-PAGE方法对227份材料的HMW-GS组成进行了分析,共检测到10种等位基因变异和18种亚基组合,其中,各位点的主要亚基有:Glu-A1位点的1(61.67%),Glu-B1位点的7+9(62.11%)和7+8(21.59%),Glu-D1位点的2+12(53.30%)和5+10(40.97%);主要的亚基组合为"1,7+9,2+12"(21.59%)和"null,7+9,2+12"(19.38%)。研究表明,黄淮麦区小麦HMW-GS等位变异和亚基组合的多态性较为丰富,但分布严重不均,仍需引进含有2*、13+16和17+18等亚基的材料;优质亚基5+10和14+15的比例有所提高,但优质亚基组合的比例仍然很低,今后该地区小麦品质育种中应加强优质亚基组合的选择。

In order to investigate the quality of new wheat varieties in Huang-huai wheat region, HMW-GS compositions of 227 materials were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. 10 HMW-GS alleles and 18 subunits combinations were detected, i. e, subunits 1 （61. 67%） at Glu-A1 loci, 7--9 （62.11%） and 7 --8 （21.59%） atGlu-B1 loci, 2＋12 （53.30%） and 5＋10 （40.97G） atGlu-D1 loci were the major subunits, and subunit combinations ＂1, 7＋9, 2..12＂（21.59G） and ＂null, 7＋9, 2＋12＂（19.38G） were the major subunit combinations. The result showed that there were high polymorphism in alleles of HMW-GS and subunit compositions, but the frequencies of different alleles were not balanced, and the breeding materials which hold subunits 2^＊ , 13＋16 and 17＋18 should be introduced. Quality subunits 5..10 and 14-15 showed higher frequencies than before, but quality combinations showed low frequencies so selection of quality subunit combinations should be strengthened in this area in future.