增铵营养对专用型小麦可溶性糖转运及淀粉积累的影响

Effects of Enhanced Ammonium Nutrition on Soluble Sugar Translocation and Starch Accumulation in Special Wheat

为给小麦氮肥管理提供理论依据,选用强筋小麦品种郑麦9023和弱筋小麦品种郑麦004为材料,在大田试验条件下研究了增铵营养对不同专用型小麦旗叶、籽粒可溶性糖含量与籽粒中淀粉及其组分含量的影响。结果表明,增铵营养条件下,两种小麦旗叶、籽粒中可溶性糖含量与籽粒淀粉及其组分含量在灌浆期间的变化趋势基本一致,但在灌浆中后期差别较大,与郑麦9023相比,郑麦004对增铵营养的响应更为显著。在NO3-∶NH4+为50∶50时小麦旗叶、籽粒可溶性糖含量变化及淀粉积累增加最显著。在此处理下,花后24d郑麦9023和郑麦004旗叶可溶性糖含量分别增加了7%和21%;增铵营养对两个小麦品种淀粉组分支/直比例影响不一,与对照相比,增铵营养导致郑麦9023下降了3.2%,使郑麦004增长了1.1%。增铵营养可能主要通过增加小麦旗叶中可溶性糖含量促进籽粒淀粉积累,与强筋小麦品种郑麦9023相比,弱筋小麦品种郑麦004的各项指标表现更为优异。

Abstract.. To provide scientific basis for the nitrogenous fertilizer management of wheat, the influence of ammonium nutrition on the soluble sugar content in flag leaves and grains, the grain starch and its components in special wheat of strong gluten cuhivar Zhengmai 9023 and weak gluten cuhivar Zhengmai 004 were investigated in field experiment. The results indicated that the change trend of soluble sugar content in flag leafs and grains, grain starch content and its components at the early filling stage was basically consistent in the two wheat cuhivars. However, there were lots of variations during the middle and later filling period. Although the effects of enhanced ammonium nutrition on both cultivars related to the percentage of NO：~ / NH~＋ , with the peak at NO3 ： NH4＋ for 50 ＂ 50, greater effect on weak gluten cuhivar Zhengmai 004 was observed. At 24 days after flowering, the soluble sugar in flag leaves increases by 7% in Zhengmai 9023 and 21% in Zhengmai 004; while starch content droped by 3.2% in Zhengmai 9023, but increased by 1.1% in Zhengmai 004. These results showed that the enhanced Ammonium Nutrition influenced the starch accumulation through increasing the soluble sugar content in flag leaves. Therefore, compared with strong gluten cuhivar Zhengmai 9023, enhanced Ammonium Nutrition affected weak gluten cuhivar Zhengmai 004 more in every index.