不同生态类型甘蓝型油菜的SRAP分析及其遗传距离与杂种优势的关系

Analysis of Different Ecotypes of B.napus in Qinghai Province by SRAP Markers and Study on the Relationship between Genetic Distance and F1 Performance

利用SRAP标记研究35份不同生态类型甘蓝型油菜品种(系)的遗传多样性,从中随机挑选6个春性和6个半冬性材料按完全双列杂交法(GriffingⅡ)组配成66个组合,考察不同生态类型组合的杂种优势,并分析遗传距离与杂种优势的关系。结果表明,SRAP标记将不同生态类型的35份品种(系)在遗传相似系数0.712处分为5类,春性材料分布在第Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ类,半冬性材料分布于第Ⅱ、Ⅳ类,聚类分析的结果与材料的生态类型也基本一致;春性品种(系)与半冬性品种(系)组配的组合要比同种类型品种(系)间组配的组合(春性×春性,冬性×冬性)具有更强的杂种优势;SRAP标记遗传距离与产量杂种优势达到极显著正相关,表明利用基于SRAP标记的遗传距离有可能用于预测油菜的杂种优势。

Genetic diversity of 35 rapeseed accessions of different ecotypes was investigated by SRAP markers.6 spring and 6 semi-winter lines were randomly selected to conduct the complete diallel cross（Griffing Ⅱ） design and the heterosis of combinations and the relationship between genetic distance and F1 performance were evaluated.Three conclusions could be drawn from this study： 1）35 accessions could be clustered into five groups at a similarity coefficient of 0.712.Spring accessions were grouped into three groups（the first,third and fifth group）.And the semi-winter accessions were grouped into other two groups.The grouping result was generally consistent with the ecotypes.2）Statistical analysis showed that the heterosis of hybrids between different ecotypes was higher than that of same ecotypes.3） Coefficient between genetic distance based on polymorphism of SRAP markers and yield per plant was significant at 0.01 level.Thus,the genetic distance based on SRAP markers could be used for the heterosis prediction of rapeseed yield.