深圳市土地利用变化机制分析

Landuse Change Mechanism in Shenzhen City

利用 1 980、 1 988、 1 994年的遥感影像 ,通过应用最大似然法和概率松弛法对深圳市土地利用进行了测量。在此基础上 ,运用分类结果比较法求得研究区土地利用变化的转移矩阵 ,据此分析了深圳市 1 5年来土地利用变化的空间过程。结果表明 :深圳市土地利用变化主要表现为原有农田、果园用地显著减少 ,城镇用地沿海岸和主要公路干线迅速增加。这一土地利用变化的驱动力主要是深圳经济特区的开放政策、城镇人口迅速增长。

Based on remote sensing images in 1980, 1988 and 1994, the Shenzhen citi's land use was conducted through methods of maximum like and probabilistie relaxation. Which revealed the city's spatial process during 15 years. The conclusions may be distingnished as follows: (1) The results of the detection are reasonable and it is feasibility to calculate the transfer matrix of landuse to show spatial pattern of landuse distribution as unit of image pixel. (2) The main characteristics of the city's landuse change are the obvious reduction of the existing farm and orchard lands and subsequent rapid increase of urban landuse along the coast and several major roads which are controlled by the opening policies of establishing the special economic zone in this city. (3) The characteristics of the city's landuse changes are mainly demonstrated as follows: The urban landuse increases rapidly at the expense of occupying great amounts of farmland, showing the patterns of belt distribution along the main transportation lines and of spreading outside the Special Economic Zone. In the primary landuse such as farmland and woodland, etc, the tendency from the lower benefit landuse pattern transforming to the higher benefit one has taken place due to the influence of urbanization. Furthermore, the city's landuse changes also demonstrate the characteristics of bare land enlargement and farmland split up, which is one of important factors recently led to serious soil erosion and no point source pollution in the city. (4) Under the policy of the special economic region produced by the central goverment of China, the external driving forces of landuse changes in Shenzhen City are the rapid growth of population, foreign investment and development of the tertiary industry which was based upon the real estate. The counter force of landuse changes in Shenzhen City are the transportation issue, topography, landuse patterns, the most importent factor is the transportation.