穿龙薯蓣新陈种子萌发条件优选研究

Study on the Optimum Condition of New and Old Seed Germination of Dioscorea nipponica Makino

目的:研究赤霉素(GA3)、萘乙酸(NAA)和层积后温度对穿龙薯蓣新陈种子萌发条件。方法:培养皿培养法遮光培养,得出3种处理最优条件后对陈种子进行相同处理。结果:穿龙薯蓣新种子4℃低温砂层积后,25℃条件下发芽率和发芽势最高,分别为80%和53.33%,陈种子为45%和25%;而采用100 mg/L GA3直接浸泡未层积新种子24 h,发芽率和发芽势可达66.65%和48.35%,陈种子为40%和25%;1 mg/L NAA浸泡12 h新种子发芽率和发芽势为58.35%和43.35%,陈种子为30%和23.35%;低温砂层积新种子发芽进程最快,其第6天开始发芽,第12天发芽完毕,快于GA3的10 d和22 d,NAA的11 d和24 d。结论:生产上若有层积条件,建议采用4℃低温砂层积60 d后在25℃下进行新种子催芽;若没有层积条件,建议直接采用100 mg/L GA3进行新种子催芽处理。

Objective：The author studied the optimization of GA3、NAA and cold sandy stratification treatment on new and old seeds germination of Dioscorea nipponica Makino.Methods：The research used the method of culture,and the best condition that was selected from 3 kinds of treatments on old seeds.Results The result showed that the D.nipponica new seeds just treated with cold sandy stratification（4 ℃） germinated best at 25 ℃,and the germination rate and germination energy were 80% and 53.33%,and the old seeds＇ were 45% and 25% respectively.The new seeds treated with 100 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours germinated the best,and the germination rate and germination energy were 66.65% and 48.35%,and the old seeds＇ were 40% and 25% respectively.The new seeds treated with 1 mg/L NAA for 12 hours germinated the best and the germination rate and germination energy were 58.35% and 43.35%,and the old seeds＇ were 30% and 23.35% respectively.The new seeds treated with 100 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours began to germinate on the 10th day and finished on the 22 nd day,and the new seeds treated with 1 mg/L NAA for 12 hours began to germinate on the 11 th day and finished on the 24th day.The new seeds treated with cold sandy stratification（4 ℃） began to germinate on the 6th day and finished on the 12th day.Conclusion：If cold sandy stratification would be available in production process,it could be recommended to treat D.nipponica new seeds with cold sandy stratification（4 ℃） for 60 days and then accelerate germina at 25 ℃.If not,treat D.nipponica new seeds with 100 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours directly.