种子败育型无核葡萄胚挽救研究

Research on the Embryo Rescue of Stenospemocarpic Seedless Grape

为提高种子败育型无核葡萄胚挽救中胚的发育率和成苗率,以无核品种"红无籽露"、"波尔莱特"、"皇家秋天"为试材,研究了其在自然授粉条件下胚挽救的最佳取样时期,并对适宜胚培养的培养基进行了筛选。结果表明:"红无籽露"、"波尔莱特"、"皇家秋天"的最佳取样时期分别为花后51～53、55和66d;筛选获得的适宜培养基为MM4+0.5mg/L GA3+1.5mg/L IAA+500mg/L水解酪蛋白+60.0g/L蔗糖+1.5g/L活性炭+10.0μmol/L ZnSO4+1.0mmol/L甘氨酸+1.0mmol/L半胱氨酸+100.0mmol/L甘露醇。"红无籽露"、"波尔莱特"、"皇家秋天"的胚发育率和成苗率分别为:15.00%和6.67%、24.00%和10.00%、10.00%和5.00%,平均达到16.33%和7.22%。

To improve the embryo development and germination in embryo rescue,taking stenospemocarpic seedless grapes of ＇Sultanina Rose＇,＇Perlette＇,＇Autumn Royal＇ as test materials,the best timing for embryo rescue of the three species under natural pollination conditions were investigated,and the suitable media were selected for the cultivation of embryo culture.The results showed that the best sampling time for ＇Sultanina Rose＇,＇Perlette＇,＇Autumn Royal＇were 51～53 d,55 d and 66 d after full bloom respectively.The optimum media that selected was MM4＋0.5 mg/L GA3＋1.5 mg/L IAA＋500 mg/L hydrolyzed casein＋60.0 g/L sucrose＋1.5 g/L activated carbon＋10.0 μmol/L ZnSO4＋1.0 mmol/L glycine＋1.0 mmol/L cysteine＋100.0 mmol/L mannitol.The development rate and germination rate of ＇Sultanina Rose＇,＇Perlette＇and ＇Autumn Royal＇s＇ovules was 15.00% and 6.67%,24.00% and 10.00%,10.00% and 5.00% respectively,and an average of 16.33% and 7.22%.