中国土地荒漠化分类系统探讨

Discussion on Classification System of Land Desertification in China

通过对前人研究土地荒漠化类型划分成果的学习消化并结合自己多年对土地荒漠化研究 ,提出我国土地荒漠化类型划分的原则和分类系统 ,以主导营力和表现形式为划分指标 ,不但将全国划分为流水作用、风力作用、化学作用和人为直接作用等 4个类型 ,而且从不同类型中再细分出侵蚀劣地 ,侵蚀裸岩、裸土 ,堆积沙砾地 ,土壤劣化 ;风蚀劣地 ,风积半流动沙丘 ,风蚀裸地 ,土壤粗化、贫化 ;次生盐渍化、酸化、碱化地 ,三废污染 ,农药、化肥污染 ;废弃土、石、渣堆积 ,人工挖掘劣地等 13个亚类 ,并对其分布、特征及形成等作了简要论述。

China is one of the countries where land desertification is serious. Government and local people have strengthened prevention and brought it under control, and scientists have enhanced research. Classifying the types of land desertification is an important theory problem. International scholars have done some researches and put forward some classification plans. Classification principle and system of land desertification is made by author according to author's research and drawing on the experience of others. Four types and thirteen subtypes are classified according to the dominant force and their appearance forms. Their distributions, features, formations etc. are briefly discussed.