沙丘地植物固沙灌溉单元及其计算公式

Irrigation Unit and its Calculation Formula for Plant Sand-fixation on Dune

确定轮灌区面积是沙丘地灌溉设计中最重要的问题。在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地 ,通过计算沙丘地入渗率、测定入渗过程与深层损失率以及进行不同流量、不同灌溉面积的反复试验 ,提出了灌溉单元的定义及计算公式。灌溉单元是一定地区、一定土壤或母质、一定灌溉方式条件下 ,某一水流量的最大合理灌溉面积。它是确定轮灌区面积的基本单位。对于沟畦灌而言 ,灌溉单元是指单沟或单畦的最大合理灌溉面积 ;对于滴灌而言 ,灌溉单元是指单个支管所能控制的最大合理灌溉面积。

Determining the area of irrigation rotation is a key problem in irrigation design on sand dune. The concept and calculation formula of irrigation unit for plant sand fixation on sand dune have been put forward in this paper by calculating intake rate, measuring intake process and deep loss rate as well as making repeated experiment with different discharge and different irrigation area. The irrigation unit is the maximum area of reasonable irrigation under certain discharge, definite region, definite soil or parent material and definite irrigation manner. For furrow or border irrigation the unit indicates the maximum reasonable irrigation area of single furrow or border; that of drip irrigation indicates the maximum reasonable irrigation area controlled by single submain line. Their empirical formulae in Taklimakan Desert have been carried out.