春玉米施肥优化的数学模型分析

Mathematical Model Analysis on Spring Corn Fertilizer Optimization

[目的]寻找高产、高效的施肥方案,同时提出比较切合实际的推荐施肥量、养分配比。[方法]采用二次回归D-最优设计("3414"方案),对春玉米需肥量最大的氮、磷、钾素合理配比进行研究,建立春玉米N、P、K合理配比的施肥数学模型。[结果]在试验条件下,通过"3414"春玉米肥料效应试验,获得肥料效应函数方程理论氮、磷、钾最佳施肥量为:N 180.46 kg/hm2,P2O575.08 kg/hm2,K2O 75.38kg/hm2。通过主效应分析,三因素中对产量影响最大的为氮,其次为磷,钾的影响最小。[结论]应用数学模型,可以揭示各施肥因子间相对变化的规律。通过调整施肥量,可以获得高产量,最大限度地发挥春玉米的增产潜力。

[Objective] The aim was to seek high-yield and high-efficiency fertilizing schedule,and propose more realistic ratios of recommended fertilizer and nutrient.[Method] Using quadratic regression D-the optimal design（＂3414＂ plan）,the reasonable ratios of N,P and K for spring corn were studied,and the fertilization mathematical model with reasonable ratios of N,P and K for spring corn was established.[Result] In this experiment condition,through the ＂3414＂ spring corn fertilizer effect test,the theoretical optimum fertilizing amounts of N,P and K based on fertilizer effect function equation were found out,namely N 180.46 kg/hm2,P2O5 75.08 kg/hm2,K2O 75.38 kg/hm2.Based on main effect analysis,the strongest effect of three factors was N,followed by P and the third was K.[Conclusion] The application of mathematical model revealed the relative change rule among different fertilization factors.Through adjusting the fertilizer,high yield was got and the yield-increase potential of spring corn was expressed greatly.